Epithelial basement membrane dystrophy or map dot dystrophy is a relatively rare, inherited disorder that affects the cornea of both eyes. The cornea is the clear outer surface or window of the eye. Cells within the surface layers of the cornea form finger-like projections which appear as “maps” when examining the cornea with a microscope. These projections trap debris and cells which appear as “dots.” As these cysts migrate to the surface, they cause symptoms which can include visual fluctuations, sudden pain on awakening, feeling of something in the eye and light sensitivity. One eye may advance more quickly than the other, but both usually stabilize by 30 years of age.
Treatment is aimed at relieving the symptoms by using ointments or eye drops. Bandage contact lenses may be used in cases of severe discomfort.
